TY  - BOOK
AU  - Antunes,Cátia
AU  - Bethencourt,Francisco
TI  - Merchant Cultures: A Global Approach to Spaces, Representations and Worlds of Trade, 1500-1800 
T2  - European Expansion and Indigenous Response
SN  - 9789004506572
AV  - HF479 
U1  - 382.09 23/eng/20220112
PY  - 2022///
CY  - Leiden; , Boston
PB  - Brill
KW  - Commerce
KW  - History
KW  - Merchants
N1  - Includes bibliographical references and index
N2  - Hans Holbein's Triumphs (1532-1534), commissioned for the headquarters of the Hanseatic League in London and Kano Naizen's The Portuguese namban ('foreigners') painted in 1543 in Japan are representations of worlds of trade, where wealth, speculation, exploitation, poverty, curiosity, encounters and the exotic relate effortlessly. These worlds multiplied in Africa, the America's, Asia and Europe as mercantile cultures met in a globalizing world. From these encounters, power, subjugation and conflict arose as part of the same world as cooperation, cross-culturalism and cosmopolitism. Understanding early modern merchant cultures is thus paramount to comprehend the sinews of globalization before 1800. Merchants worldwide shared trading interests. These interests shaped a panoply of encounters of mercantile cultures across space and time. This book sketches the commonalities and underlines the differences of mercantile practices and representations during the Early Modern period. Contributors are: Laurence Fontaine, David Graizbord, William Pettigrew, Edmond J. Smith, Radhika Seshan, Rila Mukherjee, Jurre J. A. Knoest, Noelle Richardson, Joseph P. McDermott, Mark Harberlëin, Francisco Bethencourt, Edgar Pereira, and Germano Maifreda
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004506572
ER  -