Includes bibliographical references and index.

Preliminary Material -- Introduction -- I. Hobbes and Scepticism I -- II. Hobbes and Scepticism II -- III. Condorcet, Abolitionist -- IV. Hume's Racism Reconsidered -- V. Condorcet and Hume and Turgot -- VI. The Third Force in Seventeenth-Century Thought: Scepticism, Science and Millenarianism -- VII. Spinoza's Relations with the Quakers in Amsterdam -- VIII. Spinoza and the Three Imposters -- IX. The Marranos of Amsterdam -- X. Newton's Biblical Theology and his Theological Physics -- XI. Newton and Maimonides -- XII. The "Incurable Scepticism" of Henry More, Blaise Pascal and Søren Kierkegaard -- XIII. Some Unresolved Questions in the History of Scepticism -- XIV. Scepticism, Old and New -- XV. The Scepticism of Joseph Glanvill -- XVI. Schlick and Scepticism -- XVII. The Religious Background of Seventeenth-Century Philosophy -- XVIII. Predicting, Prophecying, Divining and Foretelling from Nostradamus to Hume -- XIX. An Aspect of the Problem of Religious Freedom in the French and American Revolutions -- XX. Philosophy and the History of Philosophy -- XXI. Cudworth -- XXII. Roads that Led Beyond Judaism and Christianity -- Index of Names.

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This volume consists of more than twenty articles by Richard H. Popkin on the history of modern philosophy, written between 1980 and 1990, including several not published before this. The topics covered in these studies range over religious and theological influences in modern philosophy, further material in the history of scepticism dealing with Hobbes, Henry More and Pascal, as well as Moritz Schlick, new findings about Spinoza, pre-Adamism, Ralph Cudworth, Isaac Newton's religious views, 18th century racism, and the liberalism of Condorcet.