Includes bibliographical references and index.

Preliminary Material / Javaid Rehman and Susan C. Breau -- Introductory. Reflections / Javaid Rehman and Susan Breau -- 3. The Twain Doth Meet! a Preliminary Exploration of the Theory and Practice of as-Siyar and International Law in the Contemporary World / Shaheen Sardar Ali -- 4. Religion as a Source of International Law / Ilias Bantekas -- 5. Human Rights and Cultural Relativism: the False Dichotomy / Susan C. Breau -- 6. Some Arguments on the Universality of Human Rights in Islam / Audrey Guichon -- 7. Religion within the Refugee Context: Squaring the Circle? / Rebecca M M. Wallace -- 8. The Advent of Proportional Human Rights and the Dignity Inherent in Individuals Qua Human Beings / Ben Chigara -- 9. The Religiosity of Jus Cogens: a Moral Case for Compliance? / Fiona De Londras -- 10. Why the Hindu Caste System Presents a New Challenge for Human Rights / David Keane -- 11. The Role of Islam in Human Rights and Development in Muslim States / Mashood a. Baderin -- 12. Human Rights, Natural Justice and Pakistans Shariat Courts / Martin Lau -- 13. Women, Islamisation and Human Rightsin Pakistan: Developing Strategies of Resistance / Siobhán Mullally -- 14. Nation-Building in an Islamic State: Minority Rights and Self-Determinationin the Islamic Republic of Pakistan / Javaid Rehman -- 15. Multiculturalism and Extremism:International Law Perspectives / Alexandra Xanthaki -- 16. Prayers, Planners and Pluralism:Protecting the Rights of Minority Religious Groups / Alice Diver and John Thompson -- 17 Are You a Protestant or a Catholic Muslim? the Path of Muslim Integration into Northern Ireland / Victoria Montgomery -- 18. Religion, Minority Rights and Muslims of the United Kingdom / Javaid Rehman -- Index / Javaid Rehman and Susan C. Breau.

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Freedom of religion is a subject, which has throughout human history been a source of profound disagreements and conflict. In the modern era, religious-based intolerance continues to provide lacerative and tormenting concern to the possibility of congenial human relationships. As the present study examines, religions have been relied upon to perpetuate discrimination and inequalities, and to victimise minorities to the point of forcible assimilation and genocide. The study provides an overview of the complexities inherent in the freedom of religion within international law and an analysis of the cultural-religious relativist debate in contemporary human rights law. As many of the chapters examine, Islamic State practices have been a major source of concern. In the backdrop of the events of 11 September 2001, a considerable focus of this volume is upon the Muslim world, either through the emergent State practices and existing constitutional structures within Muslim majority States or through Islamic diasporic communities resident in Europe and North-America.