Includes bibliographical references.

Preliminary Material -- Introduction -- Chapter One The Philosophical Foundation for Jewish Studies -- Chapter Two The Science of History, Philosophy of History, and Reestablishing Judaism as the Religion of Reason (vis-à-vis Secular Humanism and Christianity) -- Chapter Three The Political Philosophy of the National Haskalah Movement in Eastern Europe -- Chapter Four Revealed Torah and Kant’s Critical Idealism -- Chapter Five Adaptation and Growth of the Inner Space of Torah in Response to Humanism -- Chapter Six The Torah and the People: “Positive Historical” Judaism -- Chapter Seven The Drive for Unity in the East-European Haskalah and the Turn to Zionism -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index.

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The culmination of Eliezer Schweid’s life-work as a Jewish intellectual historian, this five-volume work provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary account of the major thinkers and movements in modern Jewish thought, in the context of general philosophy and Jewish social-political historical developments, with extensive primary source excerpts. Volume Two, \'The Birth of the Jewish Historical Studies and the Modern Jewish Religious Movements,\' discusses the major Jewish thinkers of central and eastern Europe before 1881, in connection with the movements they fostered: German-Jewish Wissenschaft (Zunz), Reform (Formstecher, Samuel Hirsch, Geiger), Neo-Orthodoxy (S. D. Luzzatto, Steinheim, Samson Raphael Hirsch), Positive-Historical (Frankel, Graetz), and Neo-Haredi (Kalischer, Malbim, Hayyim Volozhiner, Salanter). In addition, extensive attention is given to the thinkers of the east-European Haskalah, both earlier (Levinsohn, Rubin, Schorr, Mieses, Abraham Krochmal) and later proto-Zionist thinkers (Zweifel, Smolenskin, Pines, Lilienblum).