Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Preliminary Material / K. El-Rouayheb -- Introduction / K. El-Rouayheb -- 1. The ‘Classical’ Period, 900–1200 / K. El-Rouayheb -- 2. The Challenge of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 1210) and its Aftermath, 1200–1350 / K. El-Rouayheb -- 3. Epitomes, Commentaries And Glosses, 1350–1600 / K. El-Rouayheb -- 4. The Christian-Arabic, North African, Indo-Muslim And Iranian Traditions Of Logic, 1600–1900 / K. El-Rouayheb -- 5. Ottoman Logic, 1600–1800 / K. El-Rouayheb -- 6. Ismāʿīl Gelenbevī (d. 1791) and the Logic of Unfamiliar Syllogisms / K. El-Rouayheb -- 7. The Ottoman Tradition: The Nineteenth Century / K. El-Rouayheb -- Conclusion / K. El-Rouayheb -- Glossary / K. El-Rouayheb -- Bibliography / K. El-Rouayheb -- Index Of Arabic And Turkish Terms / K. El-Rouayheb -- Index Of English Terms / K. El-Rouayheb -- Index Of Proper Names / K. El-Rouayheb.

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Relational inferences are a well-known problem for Aristotelian logic. This book charts the development of thinking about this anomaly, from the beginnings of the Arabic logical tradition in the tenth century to the end of the nineteenth. Based in large part on hitherto unstudied manuscripts and rare books, the study shows that the problem of relational inferences was vigorously debated in the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. In the course of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Ottoman logicians (writing in Arabic) came to recognize relational inferences as a distinct kind of 'unfamiliar syllogism' and began to investigate their logic. These findings show that the development of Arabic logic did not - as is often supposed - come to an end in the fourteenth century. On the contrary, Arabic logic was still being developed by critical and fecund reflections as late as the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.