Includes bibliographical references and index.

Preliminary Material -- Introduction -- 1 When Language Became Ideology: Hungary in the Eighteenth Century / István Margócsy -- 2 Which Language and Which Nation? Mother Tongue and Political Languages: Insights from a Pamphlet Published in 1790 / Henrik Hőnich -- 3 ‘Hungarus Consciousness’ in the Age of Early Nationalism / Ambrus Miskolczy -- 4 Before and After 1773: Central European Jesuits, the Politics of Language and Discourses of Identity in the Late Eighteenth Century Habsburg Monarchy / Per Pippin Aspaas and László Kontler -- 5 The Enlightenment’s Choice of Latin: The Ratio educationis of 1777 in the Kingdom of Hungary / Teodora Shek Brnardić -- 6 The Long Road of Hungarian Media to Multilingualism: On the Replacement of Latin in the Kingdom of Hungary in the Course of the Eighteenth Century / Andrea Seidler -- 7 The Language Question and the Paradoxes of Latin Journalism in Eighteenth-Century Hungary / Piroska Balogh -- 8 From the Aftermath of 1784 to the Illyrian Turn: The Slow Demise of the Official Latin in Croatia / Lav Šubarić -- 9 The Latin Speeches in the Croatian Parliament: Collective and Personal Identities / Zvjezdana Sikirić Assouline -- 10 Latin as the Panslavonic Language, 1790–1848 / Alexander Maxwell -- 11 Latin and Vernacular Relations in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries: The Serbian Case / Nenad Ristović -- 12 Romans, Romanians and Latin-Speaking Hungarians: The Latin Language in the Hungarian-Romanian Intellectual Discourse of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century / Levente Nagy -- Index.

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From the late 18th century in the multi-ethnic Kingdom of Hungary, new language-based national identities came to dominate over those that had previously been constructed on legal, territorial, or historical basis. While the Hungarian language struggled to emancipate itself, the roles and functions of Latin (the official language until 1844) were changing dramatically. Latin held a different significance for varying segments of society, from being the essential part of an individual identity to representing an obstacle to “national survival”; from guaranteeing harmony between the different linguistic communities to hindering change, social and political justice. This pioneering volume aims to highlight the ways language debates about Latin and Hungarian contributed to the creation of new identities and ideologies in Central Europe. Contributors include Gábor Almási, Per Pippin Aspaas, Piroska Balogh, Henrik Hönich, László Kontler, István Margócsy, Alexander Maxwell, Ambrus Miskolczy, Levente Nagy, Nenad Ristović, Andrea Seidler, Teodora Shek Brnardić, Zvjezdana Sikirić Assouline, and Lav Šubarić